Constituent Processes and Distribution of Power: The Reform of Presidencialism in Argentina
Abstract
Las constituciones precidencialistas, no menos que las parlamentarias, varan enormemente en cuanto a la forma en que distribuyen el poder, tanto entre ejecutivo y legislativo como entre gobierno y oposicin. Obervando la estructura de interaccin y los mecanismos causales de un proceso constituyente se puede proponer que esas variaciones causales se explican a partir de tres factores: las expectativas electorales de los actores, los recursos y estrategias que determinan su poder de nogociacin, y las reglas de procedimiento bajo las cuales se elabora una constitucin. Este esquema es til para explicar las distintas restricciones que introdujo la reforma constitucional argentina de 1994 a los poderes del presidente en este pas, y puede generalizarse para entender la lgica del cambio constitucional en Amrica Latina.
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