Polarización ideológica, segregación y los nuevos medios en México
Keywords:
polarización ideológica, segregación, nuevos medios, redes sociales, burbujas informativasAbstract
Resumen: Este artículo es la primera aproximación a los fenómenos de polarización y segregación ideológicas en México y su relación con el consumo de información en los nuevos medios digitales. El estudio muestra que el uso de las redes sociales sí está asociado a una mayor polarización. No obstante, la polarización no es extrema y en las regresiones pesan más otros factores como la identificación partidista o el interés en la política y las noticias. Además, el estudio apunta a que la segregación en el mundo digital es mínima si se compara con la -ya de por sí baja- que se registra en Estados Unidos. En ambos casos la segregación es mayor en el mundo real de las interacciones personales que en el digital. Al final, la evidencia no valida la idea de que los nuevos medios sean altamente polarizantes o de que creen burbujas o silos informativos.
Palabras clave: polarización ideológica, segregación, nuevos medios, redes sociales, burbujas informativas.
Ideological polarization, segregation and the New Media in Mexico
Abstract: The following paper represents a preliminary attempt to understand how the absorption of information through new media shapes the phenomenon of polarization and ideological segregation in Mexico. The research shows that there is a correlation between the use of social media and polarization. However, the resulting level of polarization is not particularly high and other factors, such as party identification and interest in politics, are more relevant. Furthermore, the present study indicates that ideological segregation in the Mexican digital world is well below the already low-level observed in the United States. And in both countries, ideological segregation is greater in the real world of personal interactions. At the end of the day, the evidence does not bear out the idea that new media is highly polarizing or that it creates echo chambers or silos.
Keywords: ideological polarization, segregation, new media, social networks, echo chambers.
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