¿Marchas, ocupaciones o barricadas? Explorando los determinantes de las tácticas de la protesta en Chile / Demonstrations, occupations or roadblocks? Exploring the determinants of protest tactics in Chile

Rodrigo Miguel Medel Sierralta; Nicolás Manuel Somma González

Rodrigo Miguel Medel Sierralta
Nicolás Manuel Somma González

Palabras clave: protesta colectiva, tácticas, movimientos sociales, Chile

Resumen

La protesta colectiva creció recientemente en Chile, pero sabemos poco sobre las características y los determinantes de las tácticas empleadas. Analizando más de 2 300 eventos de protesta entre 2000 y 2012, exploramos los determinantes de la adopción de cuatro tipos de tácticas: convencionales, culturales, disruptivas y violentas. Las regresiones multivariadas muestran que: 1) la protesta contra el Estado suscita tácticas convencionales, pero la protesta contra empresas privadas suscita tácticas disruptivas y violentas; 2) los trabajadores se “especializan” en tácticas disruptivas pero no violentas; 3) la presencia de organizaciones formales en la protesta aumenta las tácticas convencionales y disminuye las tácticas disruptivas y violentas, y 4) los eventos con un menor número de participantes exhiben tácticas disruptivas y violentas en mayor medida que los eventos más masivos.

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